Language Map

A Persian insult, an Inuit dialect, and Urdu directions

        Iran's president, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, used a term too inappropriate for the public's liking. He used the expression the bogeyman snatched the boob. It's old Persian used by mothers when they stop breastfeeding their children. He has also used other terms that seem unprofessional. Iranians are shocked to discover what their world leader has said to the world.
        The anthropologist, Stephen Leonard, is spending a year in Northwest Greenland with the people of the Inuit culture. The Polar Inuit  hunts in kayaks, uses harpoons, and travels by dogsleds. There are only 1,000 people in the community, and they eat sea mammals. It will also be a lot colder for him to get used to. It will be a long and difficult year for Dr. Leonard to adjust to this new culture.
        Studies have shown that the rates of foreign made films have gone down the past couple of years. The martial arts movies were the most popular, but it's difficult to get people to pay attention to them now. America is the center of the film culture. If the reviews of the movie are good, then it would be shown in the movie theater. The movies are trying new ways to capture an audience.
        Sofia Javed tells a story about how difficult it was to drive with her language's comfusing directions. The Urdu language has the same word for go straight and turn right. While the driver kept turning right, the man in the back was trying to tell him to keep going straight. They had to use English to get to their destination. They also have the same word for tomorrow and yesterday, but that is not a main issue because the verb tenses in the sentences are different. Hopefully, this will no longer be a problem for people to tell directions.

http://ht.ly/2DoHW

      

How Did 9/11 Affect Air Travel Internationally?

By: Hope Kelly, Sydney Setree, and Kirsten Kyburz

         Because of September 11, 2001, the International Air Travel industry suffered immediate and significant effects. This includes changes in number of people taking international flights, shifts in preferences of destinations, and higher concerns by people for their own safety while flying. Also, new, tougher, visa policies made visas harder to obtain, and 9/11 even caused airport security to become more intensified. Some airlines became threatened with bankruptcy! Therefore, all these things combined to result in one big impact on international air travel after 9/11.
        After 9/11, there was a substantial drop in international arrivals from overseas to the United States. (see figure 1) In figure 1, you can see how 9/11 affected the initial amount of arrivals from foreign countries. The number of visitors dropped immediately following 9/11 and started to recover in 2003. It reached almost the same as before 9/11 in 2007. There was an especially large decrease in the number of foreign visitors, but an increase in U.S. arrivals. Even though there was a decrease in foreign arrivals, the oversea travel was not affected.
        After 9/11, the United States visa policy became more restricting, and the visa application process was made more stringent. Security procedures affected visa applicants heading to the U.S., but not people heading from other countries. These people were involved in the Visa Waiver Program (VWP). People from countries involved and not involved with this program had the same screening process, but travelers from countries not involved with the VW P had an additional screening. These changes showed how travel was reduced to the U.S. among the travelers that needed a visa.

        Security in airports after 9/ 11 also became much more intensified. One now must arrive earlier for all flights, because one is required to go through various lines with long waits and to go through tests to access you flight. All carry-ons have to go through x-ray scanners. Also, the passenger and his/her bags must go through a metal scanner. Plus, everyone is required go to the ticket counter to check in. A driver’s license or proper form of identification is required to board any flight no matter what. In past years, scissors were even thought to be a possible harmful and dangerous weapon to have on the plane. Before 9/11 one could practically show up and go right to the gate. This new protocol sometimes is believed only to be a great burden and inconvenience, but some see it as what it is supposed to be a new, safer way to travel.

        The preference of travelers changed after 9/11 as people began to learn more about their destination before choosing where to go. People have begun to research the history, laws, cultures, and customs, so that they can make an informed decision. It was found after 9/11 that U.S. citizens avoided most travel to the Middle East, India, Pakistan, and most of Asia.
        After 9/11, coach seats increased in price while the first class and business class decreased (see figure 2). This is most likely because passengers who were taking shorter flights did not feel the need for the extra comfort that the two more expensive classes provided. While passengers chose cheaper seats, the amount of passengers also decreased, which would help explain why profits lowered.
        Inbound travel from the United States, ranging from 40-50 million passengers, was consistently lower than outbound, ranging from 55-60 million. This is most likely because foreigners did not want to visit a country involving dominant collision. Before 9/11, there was also a consistent increase of travelers over the years from 1998-2000. After 2001, though, there was a decrease from both inbound (9%) and outbound ( 3%) travel, which continues until 2004. (see figure 3)
        Before 9/11 international flights had an almost linear increase while domestic had a u-shaped decrease. After however it seemed to help the domestic travel. International travel dropped 8% after 2001 then regained passengers with even more than before, 63%, in 2003 and 2004. The total range of international passengers was 600-1500 million and domestic was 700-1300 million. (see figure 4)
        The International Air Travel industry was affected in a multitude of ways due to the horrific events on September 11, 2001. While some effects were immediate, others evolved over the months following. Airline travel and airline travelers will forever be impacted by the events of that day for now and in the future. Airline travelers now hope that in the future our new airline security, as well as the new protocol, will pay off in future years to come and that the world will remain safe and protected.

Works Cited

2013, By. "Travel Facts and Statistics 
        U.S. Travel Association." U.S. Travel Association. Web.
        08 Sept. 2010. http://www.ustravel.org/news/press-kit/travel-facts-and-statistics.

"Air Traffic - NextGen Briefing." FAA: Home. Web. 06 Sept. 2010.

Di Cesare, Allison. "The Impact of 9/11 on Travel." 15 May 2006. Web.
        <allison.pbworks.com/f/Analysis+Submission+1.doc>.

H.R. Rep. No. RL31617. Print.

United States. Department of Homeland Security. Web.

"Travel in the United States since the Terrorist Attacks of 9/11: How Have Things Changed?"
        Travel Information Guide - Articles, Comments, Tips about Travel. Web. 06 Sept. 2010.
        <http://www.travelthinks.com/index.php?q=travel-us-since-terrorist-attacks>.